Dr Ravi Bhanushali

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SPINE ISSUES

Osteoporosis & Osteoporotic Fracture

Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by weakening of the bones, making them more fragile and prone to fractures. It occurs when the body loses bone mass and density faster than it can be replaced, leading to a decrease in bone strength and an increased risk of fractures. Osteoporosis is often referred to as the “silent disease” because it progresses without symptoms until a fracture occurs.

Here’s an overview of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures:

Causes:

  • Aging: Bone mass peaks around the age of 30 and gradually declines thereafter.
  • Hormonal changes: Reduced estrogen levels in women after menopause and lower testosterone levels in men can contribute to bone loss.
  • Nutritional deficiencies: Inadequate intake of calcium and vitamin D can weaken bones.
  • Lifestyle factors: Lack of physical activity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and long-term use of certain medications (such as corticosteroids) can increase the risk of osteoporosis.
  • Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism, and gastrointestinal disorders, can affect bone health.

Symptoms:

  • Osteoporosis is often asymptomatic until a fracture occurs.
  • Common sites for osteoporotic fractures include the spine (vertebrae), hip, wrist, and proximal humerus (upper arm bone).
  • Spinal fractures may cause loss of height, stooped posture, back pain, and curvature of the spine (kyphosis).

Prognosis:

  • Osteoporosis is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management to prevent fractures and maintain bone health.
  • Early detection, appropriate treatment, and lifestyle modifications can help slow the progression of osteoporosis and reduce the risk of fractures.
  • With proper management, many individuals with osteoporosis can lead active and fulfilling lives while minimizing the risk of fractures and complications.
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